In a database, what is the main result of applying normalization?

Normalization is a critical process in database design that focuses on organizing data to reduce redundancy and enhance data integrity. When a database is normalized, it is structured in such a way that each piece of information is stored only once, which minimizes duplicate data. This process involves dividing large tables into smaller, more manageable ones and defining relationships between them.

By reducing redundancy, normalization helps prevent the potential for data anomalies, such as update, insertion, and deletion anomalies, which can occur when the same data element exists in multiple places. Enhanced data integrity means that the accuracy and consistency of the data are maintained throughout its lifecycle, making it easier to maintain and less prone to errors.

While the other choices mention aspects of performance, storage, and security, these are not the primary focus of normalization. For instance, improved performance in queries can sometimes be achieved through normalization, but it is not guaranteed and can actually vary depending on how the database is queried. Similarly, storing data more efficiently (storage capacity) and enhanced security features are not direct outcomes of normalization but may be secondary benefits resulting from a well-structured database. Overall, the essence of normalization lies in achieving reduced redundancy and improved data integrity.